Policies Summary | Overall Legislation Sources | Federal Legislation
State Legislation Databases | Maryland General Assembly | Hearings & Reports | Agency Programs | Opinion Pieces
An AI-generated David Attenborough voice was used to report on Donald Trump recently. “Now experts have warned that voice-cloning is outpacing the law as technologists hone previously clunky voice generators into models capable of emulating the subtlest pauses and breathing of human intonation.”
– The Guardian: AI cloning of celebrity voices outpacing the law, experts warn
Overall Legislation Sources
Plural Policy
Federal Legislation (Passed)
U.S. Congressional Research Service
U.S. Congressional Research Service
Federal Legislation (In Consideration)
State Legislation Databases
National Conference of State Legislatures
Deceptive Audio or Visual Media (‘Deepfakes’) 2024 Legislation
Public Citizen
Ballotpedia
Maryland General Assembly – Laws on Deepfakes
As of October 2025, Maryland has enacted one law addressing deepfakes, namely (Senate Bill 360) Revenge Porn – Definition of visual Representation and Civil Action. This law specifically targets nonconsensual deepfake and synthetic imagery related to revenge porn (SB 360, 2025; effective July 1, 2025). Several new bills in 2025 (e.g. HB 1425 / SB 905, HB 663, HB 525) are currently under consideration to expand criminal prohibitions or civil remedies related to artificial intelligence and deepfake misrepresentations.
Hearings & Reports
Department of Homeland Security
Department of Homeland Security
Department of Homeland Security
US Government Accountability Office
Federal Communications Commission
Deep-Fake Audio and Video Links Make Robocalls and Scam Texts Harder to Spot
Agency Programs
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Proposed Amendments to Trade Regulation Rule on Impersonation of Government and Businesses
Opinion Pieces to Policymakers
Brennan Center for Justice
Regulating AI Deepfakes and Synthetic Media in the Political Arena
Policy Paper Submitted to NIST (PDF)
Combatting deepfakes: Policies to address national security threats and rights violations
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Content in this section was developed by Natalie Ringdahl (Post-graduate Research Assistant) and Nehal Naqvi (Undergraduate Research Assistant); last updated November 2025.